ECOLOGY

 An important aspect of the effects of environment on the life of an organism is the interaction of ecological factors . Light is well known for its effects on such basic physiological process of plants as photosynthesis, transpiration, seed germination, flowering etc . and thus of much concern in ecology, where it plays important role in the species composition and development of vegetation.  Light in relation to plants : Directly or indirectly light affects the plants' life in following ways : i. Chlorophyll production - Young fronds of ferns, some mosses and algae which may become green even without light , most of the plants need light for chlorophyll formation, in which plants depend for food is due to light and thus existence of other life forms i.e. photosynthesis . ii. Heating action - Transpiration rates increase in light raises and correspondingly affect water absorption also. Thus high light intensities are always associated with dry habitats and high transpira...

 Environment has different meaning for different people. Most definitions include the physical, chemical and biological components that influence the life of an organism. All the external factors, conditions and influences that effect an organism or a biological community i.e. known as environment.  The term environment etymologically means surroundings . The place, where an organisms lives - habitat , indeed presents a particular set of environmental conditions - the environmental complex . Thus, environment is a complex of so many things i.e. light, air, soil, water, temperature etc have been variously called as environmental factors , ecological factors or may be living i.e biotic factors (plants, animals, microorganisms etc.) and non-living i.e. abiotic factors .   Daubenmire (1959) classified the factors into seven coordinate headings as i. soil, ii. water, iii. temperature, iv. light, v. atmosphere, vi. fire and vii. biotic factor .  Most of the ec...